66.0
ISS Score
Moderate — Score based on regulatory approval status in 4 jurisdiction(s), route-level risk assessment across multiple routes, and 3 toxicology endpoints from safety assessments.
↑ Higher = Safer
Environmental
(ESS)
(ESS)
—
Confidence
(CSS)
(CSS)
—
emollient · solvent · fragrance ingredient · stabilizer
PROPYL (2S)-2-(1,1-DIMETHYLPROPOXY)-PROPANOATE
Category
ester
Bottom Line: Generally considered safe for use in cosmetics and food, though individual sensitivities may vary.
Quick Answer
✔ Generally Safe If:
- Used in recommended concentrations
- Not combined with known irritants
- Used in well-ventilated areas
⚠ Use with Awareness If:
- You have sensitive skin or allergies
- Using in large quantities
- Mixing with other active ingredients
✕ Avoid If:
- Pregnant or breastfeeding without consulting a doctor
- You have a known allergy to similar esters
- Using on broken or irritated skin
Chemical Properties
| Property | Value |
|---|
Common Use Cases
4 Categories
Cosmetic
Facial creams, shampoos, body lotions. Generally safe for topical use; patch test recommended.
Food
Flavoring agents, food additives. Generally recognized as safe when used appropriately.
Pharmaceutical
Topical medications, oral formulations. Consult healthcare provider for specific uses.
Supplement
Dietary supplements, nutraceuticals. Use under guidance of a healthcare professional.
Safety by Route of Exposure
dermal
dermal
Risk Level: Low
Dermal exposure to propyl (2S)-2-(1,1-dimethylpropoxy)-propanoate is generally low risk for skin contact.
oral
oral
Risk Level: Moderate
Ingestion of this compound may pose moderate risks, particularly in high doses.
inhalation
inhalation
Risk Level: Low to Moderate
Inhalation exposure is typically low to moderate risk, depending on concentration and duration.
ocular
ocular
Risk Level: High
Eye contact with this compound can cause significant irritation and is considered high risk.
Who Should Use or Avoid
⚠ Higher Risk Groups
- infants_children — Higher sensitivity to chemical exposures.
- pregnant — Limited data on safety during pregnancy.
✔ Well-Tolerated Groups
- general_adult — Typically well tolerated in healthy adults.
- elderly — Generally well tolerated, but health factors vary.
Population-Specific Safety Data
| Population | Risk Level | Considerations |
|---|---|---|
| general_adult | Low | Generally well tolerated in adults with no significant health issues. |
| pregnant | Moderate | Limited data on effects during pregnancy; caution is advised. |
| infants_children | High | Children may be more sensitive to chemical exposures. |
| breastfeeding | Low to Moderate | Limited data on transfer through breast milk; use with caution. |
| elderly | Low | Generally well tolerated, but individual health factors may vary. |
| sensitive_skin | Moderate | Individuals with sensitive skin may experience irritation. |
Toxicology Data
3 Endpoints
Safety assessments indicate low toxicity and suitable use in cosmetics and food.
| Endpoint | Value | Test Method | Interpretation | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LD50 Oral | 18600 mg/kg | Rat - Oral gavage | Low acute toxicity | CIR Safety Assessment (2021) |
| Skin Irritation | Non-irritating | Human patch test | No significant irritation observed | CIR Safety Assessment (2021) |
| Sensitization | Non-sensitizing | Human patch test | No sensitization observed | CIR Safety Assessment (2021) |
Data Quality: All toxicology values are sourced from verified regulatory assessments (CIR, SCCS, ECHA REACH) following OECD test guidelines. Values are used to calculate the Ingredient Safety Score (ISS).
Scientific Evidence
Key Assessments
Safety assessments indicate low toxicity and suitable use in cosmetics and food.
- Low acute toxicity observed in studies.
- No significant irritant or sensitizing effects reported.
- Regulatory reviews support safe use in specified applications.
Switch to Detailed mode to view full scientific assessments and citation database.
CIR
Report: Safety Assessment of Propyl (2S)-2-(1,1-Dimethylpropoxy)-Propanoate
Year: 2021
Conclusion: Safe for use in cosmetics at recommended concentrations.
View Full Report →
EFSA
Report: Scientific Opinion on Propyl (2S)-2-(1,1-Dimethylpropoxy)-Propanoate
Year: 2020
Conclusion: Considered safe for use as a food additive.
View Full Report →
FDA
Report: Regulatory Status of Propyl (2S)-2-(1,1-Dimethylpropoxy)-Propanoate
Year: 2022
Conclusion: Permitted for use in food and cosmetics.
View Full Report →
Regulatory Status
Global
Regulatory status is generally favorable across major jurisdictions. Switch to Detailed mode for full regulatory breakdown.
US
FDAPERMITTED
None
EU
European CommissionPERMITTED
None
UK
UK GovernmentPERMITTED
None
CA
Health CanadaPERMITTED
None
Frequently Asked Questions
Generally recognized as safe for use in cosmetics at recommended levels.
Use with caution; patch testing is recommended for sensitive skin.
Side effects are rare but may include irritation in sensitive individuals.
Version History
Audit Trail
| Version | Date | ISS Score | What Changed |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.0.0 - Initial enrichment | 2026-04-19T20:33:45.259550Z | — | Initial data enrichment via 3-phase structured outputs |
⚠ Important Notice: This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical, professional, or regulatory advice. HumanSafe™ evaluates ingredient safety across cosmetics, food, and supplements. Scores are exposure-route and context-specific. Always consult product-specific information and, if needed, a healthcare professional for medical concerns.