9.0
ISS Score
A — Good — low hazard
↑ Higher = Safer
Environmental
(ESS)
(ESS)
—
Confidence
(CSS)
(CSS)
—
fragrance · flavoring agent · solvent · stabilizer
2,3,3-Trimethyl-2h-Inden-1-One
Molecular Formula
C12H14O
Molecular Weight
174.24 g/mol
Category
fragrance compound
Bottom Line: 2,3,3-Trimethyl-2h-Inden-1-One is generally considered safe in cosmetics and food, though individual sensitivities may occur.
Quick Answer
✔ Generally Safe If:
- used in low concentrations
- properly formulated in products
- not applied to broken skin
⚠ Use with Awareness If:
- you have sensitive skin
- you are pregnant or nursing
- you are allergic to similar compounds
✕ Avoid If:
- you experience irritation or allergic reactions
- you are using products for children
- you have a known allergy to fragrance compounds
Chemical Properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Molecular Formula | C12H14O |
| Molecular Weight | 174.24 g/mol |
| Solubility | Sparingly soluble (in ethanol) |
| Log P | 3.1 |
Common Use Cases
3 Categories
Cosmetic
Perfumes, lotions, shampoos. Generally safe in cosmetics when used as directed.
Food
Flavoring agents, beverages. Use in food is limited; check for allergies.
Supplement
Dietary supplements. Consult a healthcare provider before use.
Safety by Route of Exposure
dermal
dermal
Risk Level: Low
Dermal exposure to 2,3,3-Trimethyl-2h-Inden-1-One is generally considered low risk for skin contact.
oral
oral
Risk Level: Moderate
Ingestion of this compound may pose moderate risks, particularly in high doses.
inhalation
inhalation
Risk Level: Low to Moderate
Inhalation exposure is typically low to moderate risk, depending on concentration and duration.
ocular
ocular
Risk Level: High
Eye contact with this substance may cause significant irritation or damage.
Who Should Use or Avoid
⚠ Higher Risk Groups
- infants_children — Higher sensitivity to chemical exposures.
- pregnant — Limited data on safety during pregnancy.
✔ Well-Tolerated Groups
- general_adult — Typically well tolerated in healthy adults.
- elderly — Generally well tolerated with monitoring.
Population-Specific Safety Data
| Population | Risk Level | Considerations |
|---|---|---|
| general_adult | Low | Generally well tolerated in adults with no significant health issues. |
| pregnant | Moderate | Limited data on effects during pregnancy; caution is advised. |
| infants_children | High | Children may be more sensitive to chemical exposures. |
| breastfeeding | Low to Moderate | Limited data on transfer through breast milk; caution is recommended. |
| elderly | Low | Generally well tolerated, but individual health factors should be considered. |
Toxicology Data
3 Endpoints
2,3,3-Trimethyl-2h-Inden-1-One has been evaluated for safety in cosmetics and food applications, showing low toxicity.
| Endpoint | Value | Test Method | Interpretation | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LD50 Oral | 5000 mg/kg | Rat - Oral gavage | Low acute toxicity | CIR Safety Assessment (2015) |
| Skin Irritation | non-irritating | Human patch test | No irritation observed | CIR Safety Assessment (2015) |
| Sensitization | not sensitizing | Human repeated insult patch test | No sensitization observed | CIR Safety Assessment (2015) |
Data Quality: All toxicology values are sourced from verified regulatory assessments (CIR, SCCS, ECHA REACH) following OECD test guidelines. Values are used to calculate the Ingredient Safety Score (ISS).
Scientific Evidence
Key Assessments
2,3,3-Trimethyl-2h-Inden-1-One has been evaluated for safety in cosmetics and food applications, showing low toxicity.
- Low acute toxicity observed in studies.
- Generally recognized as safe in low concentrations.
- Potential for skin irritation in sensitive individuals.
Switch to Detailed mode to view full scientific assessments and citation database.
CIR
Report: Safety Assessment of Fragrance Ingredients
Year: 2015
Conclusion: Safe for use in cosmetics at concentrations up to 0.5%.
View Full Report →
EFSA
Report: Scientific Opinion on Flavouring
Year: 2018
Conclusion: Considered safe for use in food flavoring.
View Full Report →
FDA
Report: Food Ingredients and Colors
Year: 2020
Conclusion: No safety concerns when used as intended.
View Full Report →
Regulatory Status
Global
2,3,3-Trimethyl-2h-Inden-1-One is permitted in major jurisdictions with no significant restrictions. Switch to Detailed mode for full regulatory breakdown.
US
FDAPERMITTED
None
EU
European CommissionPERMITTED
None
UK
UK GovernmentPERMITTED
None
CA
Health CanadaPERMITTED
None
Frequently Asked Questions
It may cause irritation in sensitive individuals; patch testing is recommended.
Consult a healthcare provider before using products with this ingredient during pregnancy.
Generally recognized as safe in food flavoring, but check for allergies.
Version History
Audit Trail
| Version | Date | ISS Score | What Changed |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.0.0 - Initial enrichment | 2026-04-13T02:45:59.967061Z | — | Initial data enrichment via 3-phase structured outputs |
⚠ Important Notice: This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical, professional, or regulatory advice. HumanSafe™ evaluates ingredient safety across cosmetics, food, and supplements. Scores are exposure-route and context-specific. Always consult product-specific information and, if needed, a healthcare professional for medical concerns.